The term myocardial infarction means death of part of the heart muscle. When a coronary artery becomes blocked, usually from a ruptured atheromatous plaque or a thrombus (clot), the area of muscle that it supplies is starved of oxygen and dies. The extent of damage and complications depend on the artery involved; larger arteries supply larger areas of muscle, and Ml of large arteries are more likely to cause death.
An Mi typically causes central chest pain, although those with diabetes may experience no symptoms at all (“silent MI”). The diagnosis is confirmed by ECG (a trace of the electrical activity of the heart) and raised blood levels of cardiac enzymes-chemicals released by the damaged muscle. Urgent treatment with
“clot-busting* drugs or angioplasty can clear the blockage, restoring blood flow. Other treatments include beta-blocker drugs to protect the heart from arrhythmias (see below) and aspirin to prevent further clots.
Aman k. Kashyap
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